{"id":694,"date":"2026-06-18T23:49:11","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T21:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/byczkowski.com.pl\/?p=694"},"modified":"2026-06-19T16:01:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T14:01:42","slug":"czy-marketplace-odpowiada-za-spory-miedzy-sprzedawca-i-kupujacym","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/byczkowski.com.pl\/en\/czy-marketplace-odpowiada-za-spory-miedzy-sprzedawca-i-kupujacym\/","title":{"rendered":"Is a marketplace responsible for disputes between sellers and buyers?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"694\" class=\"elementor elementor-694\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25c97d4e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"25c97d4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4421e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4421e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you operate a sales platform, you have probably asked yourself more than once: what happens when a buyer and a seller enter into a dispute?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Does a marketplace bear responsibility for disputes between them?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The answer is: <strong>it depends.<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The liability of a marketplace arises from consumer protection laws, civil law, and regulations such as the Digital Services Act (DSA). <strong>Digital Services Act (DSA)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. What determines marketplace liability?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The key factor is the role the platform plays in the transaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A marketplace may operate as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a technology intermediary,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a sales organiser,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a co-seller.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This determines whether the platform:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>only provides a tool,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>actually participates in the sale,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>may be considered a party to the agreement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Marketplace as an intermediary \u2013 when is it not liable?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A platform acts as an intermediary when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the seller independently publishes the offer,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sets the price and product description,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fulfils the order,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>is responsible for the product.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In this model, the marketplace:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>is not responsible for the product,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>is not responsible for complaints,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>is not responsible for disputes between the parties.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key elements of the intermediary model:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>clear identification of the seller,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>no interference with the content of the offer,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>payment goes to the seller,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the customer knows who they are entering into an agreement with.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The more \u201ctechnical\u201d the platform\u2019s role, the lower the risk of liability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. When does a marketplace start being liable like a seller?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The platform\u2019s liability increases when it begins to interfere with the transaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 Editing and moderating offers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>modifies product descriptions,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>changes images,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>adds content,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">it may contribute to creating the offer and become responsible for its content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Influence on prices<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The risk increases when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the platform sets prices,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the algorithm affects the final price,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>commissions are hidden from customers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 Logistics and branding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>packages are shipped under the platform\u2019s brand,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the customer sees the platform as the sender,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">this may suggest that the platform is the seller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 Guarantees and returns \u201cfrom the platform\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the platform offers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>its own guarantees,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>returns regardless of the seller,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>its own guarantees,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">it may assume responsibility for the transaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.5 Payments Processed Through the Platform<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The risk increases when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>payments are made to the marketplace's account,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the seller is not clearly identified to the customer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Where Does the Seller's Responsibility End?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The seller is responsible if they:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>control the product,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>set the price,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fulfil the delivery,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>are responsible for product quality and handling complaints.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The marketplace may be responsible if it:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>misleads customers,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hides the seller's identity,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>interferes with the sales process,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>acts as the actual seller.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. How Can a Marketplace Reduce Risk?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 Clearly Identify the Seller<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each listing should include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the seller's name,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>contact details,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>information about liability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 Consistent Terms and Agreements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The terms and conditions should be consistent with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>agreements concluded with sellers,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the platform's actual operating model.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 Limit Interference with Listings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The less the platform interferes with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>descriptions,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>images,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>prices,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">the lower the risk of liability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.4 Transparent Logistics and Payment Processes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the platform participates in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>deliveries,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>payments,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">must clearly indicate its role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.5 DSA Procedures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to <strong>Digital Services Act (DSA)<\/strong> The marketplace should provide:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>content reporting system,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dispute resolution mechanisms,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>transparency of the platform&#039;s operation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.6 Seller Verification<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The marketplace should:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>know who is selling,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>have identifying information,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>control the risk of abuse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Is the marketplace always responsible for disputes?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Marketplace is not automatically responsible for a dispute if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>acts as an intermediary,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>clearly indicates the seller,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>does not interfere with sales,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>meets information obligations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Red Flags \u2013 When Risks Increase<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. No information about the seller<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The customer does not know with whom he is entering into a contract.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Conflicting documents<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regulations \u2260 agreements \u2260 practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Editing offers via the platform<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The platform \u201eimproves\u201d sellers\u2019 content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Marketplace Guarantees<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Returns and platform protection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. No DSA mechanisms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No reporting or dispute procedures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. When to consult a marketplace model?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is worth doing this when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>you are developing a sales platform,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>you change your business model,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>you scale the marketplace,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>disputes with users arise,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>you are unsure about the role of the platform.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Marketplace is not always responsible for disputes between sellers and buyers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The key is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>how the platform works in practice,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>what does communication with the client look like,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>whether the platform interferes with sales,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>whether it meets DSA and consumer obligations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The more a platform \u201epretends to be a seller,\u201d the greater the risk of liability.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Je\u015bli prowadzisz platform\u0119 sprzeda\u017cow\u0105, pewnie nie raz zada\u0142e\u015b sobie pytanie: co si\u0119 stanie, gdy kupuj\u0105cy i sprzedawca zaczn\u0105 si\u0119 spiera\u0107? 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